ID: trigonelline
Aliases: N-methylnicotinic acid, coffee trigonelline
Type: compound
Route/form: oral or route depends on studied product
Status: dietary_component_or_supplement
Evidence level: preclinical
Best data tier: direct preclinical; human association
Support scope: human, non-human/mechanistic
Source types: human_association_and_preclinical, preclinical
Linked sources: 3
Broad outcomes: Brain / mood / sleep, Longevity / mitochondrial / redox, Muscle growth / performance / recovery
Reading note: These are curation notes anchored to linked sources, not a clinical recommendation or protocol.
Targets / mechanism
- NAD+ metabolism
- BDNF restoration
- memory impairment models
- muscle ageing
Optimization domains
- cognitive support
- muscle hypertrophy
- sarcopenia
- NAD metabolism
Research basis
- Preclinical work links trigonelline to memory recovery, BDNF restoration, and muscle-function improvement through NAD-related mechanisms.
- Human association data in sarcopenia make it worth tracking beyond generic coffee-compound interest.
Limits, risks, and missing evidence
- The strongest intervention claims remain preclinical or associative rather than replicated human outcomes.
- NAD precursor framing should be separated from proven clinical benefit.
Risk flags
- preclinical core claims
- human association not causation
- limited intervention data
- standardization uncertainty
Linked papers, labels, and reviews
- Trigonelline recovers memory function in Alzheimer's disease model mice
preclinical / pubmed_trigonelline_ad_model_2020
5XFAD mouse memory recovery and brain-penetration source. - Trigonelline restores BDNF levels in lipopolysaccharide-induced cognitive impairment
preclinical / pubmed_trigonelline_lps_bdnf_2018
LPS cognitive impairment mouse source. - Trigonelline is an NAD+ precursor that improves muscle function during ageing
human_association_and_preclinical / pmc_trigonelline_nad_sarcopenia_2024
Human sarcopenia association plus mouse NAD+/muscle function data.